What is Delirium ❓

 A new, often sudden, state of confusion 😖

 There are three subtypes: hyperactive, hypoactive, or a mix of hyper & hypoactive symptoms

 Risk factors: infections, disorders (such as stroke, malnutrition, organ failure or hormone dysfunction), alcohol/drugs/withdrawal 🦠

What are the Symptoms of Delirium ❓

 Hyperactive:

 Inappropriate behaviour

 Agitation/aggression 😡

 Restlessness

 Hallucinations/delusions 🦄

 Hypoactive:

 Lethargy 😴

 Quiet/withdrawn

 Low concentration/appetite 🥣

How do you Diagnose Delirium ❓

 Patient symptom and cognitive assessment 📝

 General examination

 Investigations to identify any underlying factors:

 Blood/mucus/urine tests 💉

 Chest X-ray

 Electrocardiogram (ECG)

How do you Treat Delirium ❓

 Treat the underlying factor

 Advice for family/carers, to help the patient reorientate 👪

 Regular reviews to monitor patient

 Specialist medications to regulate difficult symptoms/mood 💊

Why should I Worry about Delirium ❓

 Increase in hospital admission length/readmission risk 🏥

 Increased risk of developing issues like dementia, malnutrition

 Causes distress for the patient and those around them

 Higher risk of falls, self injury, or even death 🚨