Adverse Drug Reactions

What are Adverse Drug Reactions ❓

 When an undesired and harmful reaction occurs after taking a medicine (correctly) 💊

 Causes: exaggerated effects of medication dose (Type A), allergies or hypersensitivity (Type B)

What are the Symptoms of Adverse Drug Reactions ❓

 Skin rash/reaction

 Unintentional muscle contractions/cramps (dystonia) 💪

 Blood disorder/irregularity (dyscrasia)

 Unstable heart rate/blood pressure ❤️

 Fever 🥵

 Anaphylaxis (itching/hives, difficulty breathing, vomiting, dizziness)

How do you Diagnose Adverse Drug Reactions ❓

 Patient symptom observation & assessment of adverse effect 📋

 Patient history (previous reactions/medication)

 Clinical testing (e.g. blood/urine tests for kidney/liver) 💉

How do you Treat Adverse Drug Reactions ❓

 Discontinue/alter dosage of the drug

 Patient may be offered an alternative drug 🧴

 Medication to reduce symptoms (steroids/anti-histamines/painkillers)

 Treatment in hospital if severe (use of adrenaline for anaphylaxis) 🏥

Why should I Worry about Adverse Drug Reactions ❓

 Anaphylaxis can be life threatening

 May cause stress (having to avoid certain medication) 😨

 May need to change prior medication due to an interaction